Choosing the Right Material for Your Deck: A Guide to Popular Options

Deck builders typically classify deck types by material and structure. The deck material determines its durability, maintenance requirements, cost, and aesthetics. Homeowners have the option to choose more natural materials like natural wood and treated lumber or alternatives like PVC, composite, and vinyl.

Although the best way to choose deck material is to meet with a professional deck builder to discuss your goals and the best options for your location, here, we’ll discuss your options so that you’re well-prepared for that conversation.

Natural Wood

Natural wood is durable, easy to install, and comfortable under bare feet. However, regular maintenance is required to prevent rot, splintering, and insect infestations. Wood can also warp, so it needs to be kept clean by frequent sweeping rather than washing. To maintain its appearance and longevity, a wood deck should be washed and re-stained every two to three years. 

Common types of wood used for decking include:

• Cedar 
• Ipe
• Bamboo
• Mahogany
• Redwood

The cost of these types of decks can range from moderate to high, depending on the type of wood used. For example, cedar and redwood are more affordable, while exotic woods like ipe and mahogany are more expensive.

Pros and Cons

• Pros:

• • Classic, natural appearance
  • Comfortable under bare feet
  • Variety of wood types available
  • Easy to work with for custom designs

• Cons:

• • Requires regular maintenance (cleaning, staining, sealing)
  • Susceptible to rot, splintering, and insect damage
  • Can warp if not properly maintained
  • Higher long-term maintenance costs

Pressure-Treated Lumber

Compared to natural wood, pressure-treated wood is treated with chemical preservatives, making it more resistant to elements, pests, and rot. Its affordability and durability also make it a widely used decking material.

While pressure-treated lumber is cost-effective, it tends to have a less refined appearance than natural wood. It can be stained or painted, and regular maintenance is still necessary to maintain its look and longevity. A significant advantage of pressure-treated lumber is its price, which is generally lower than other decking materials, making it a budget-friendly option for many homeowners.

Pros and Cons

• Pros:

• • • More resistant to rot, insects, and weather than natural wood
    • Cost-effective and budget-friendly
    • Can be stained or painted for a customized look
    • Durable and long-lasting with proper maintenance

• Cons:

• • Less refined appearance compared to natural wood
  • Requires regular maintenance to maintain appearance
  • Can warp or crack over time

Composite

Composite lumber is a blend of wood fibers, plastic, and additives. The material’s wood-to-plastic ratio and composition vary between brands, and multiple manufacturers also incorporate recycled materials. 

Homeowners often choose composite decking because it’s low maintenance and resistant to fading, staining, and scratching. Unlike natural wood, composite rarely warps, splinters, or cracks, making it a reliable and long-lasting choice. This material is also highly durable, with a long lifespan and resistance to weather, insects, and rot. 

Composite is also customizable and can be used for any deck structure or design. It can also be used for lattice or railing structures that complement the deck. It’s available in various colors and textures, allowing for customization to fit your style. 

Although composite decking can have a higher upfront cost than natural wood or pressure-treated lumber, the minimal maintenance requirements can result in cost savings over time.

Pros and Cons

• Pros:

• • • Low maintenance (no staining, sealing, or painting required)
    • Resistant to fading, staining, and scratching
    • Does not warp, splinter, or crack
    • Available in a variety of colors and textures
    • Made from recycled materials, an eco-friendly option

• Cons:

• • Higher upfront cost compared to natural wood and pressure-treated lumber
  • Can feel hotter underfoot in direct sunlight
  • Some brands may have visible fasteners or seams

Vinyl (PVC)

Vinyl decks are typically made from PVC decking, which is crafted entirely from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a type of plastic that does not contain any organic materials. This design helps it avoid issues commonly associated with organic decking materials, such as mold, mildew, and rot caused by moisture. It is lightweight, easy to install, and available in various colors and finishes, providing a sleek, modern look for your deck. 

One of the primary benefits of PVC decking is its resilience to weather and wear. Its also resistant to insects, weather, and fading and requires less maintenance than other decking materials. 

PVC decks can be more expensive than other materials, but their longevity and minimal upkeep often justify the higher initial investment. With a lifespan of 50 years or more, this decking offers long-term durability and can be recycled at the end of its use, making it worth the initial investment. 

Pros and Cons

• Pros:

• • • Highly resistant to weather, insects, and fading
    • Minimal maintenance required
    • Lightweight and easy to install
    • Available in various colors and finishes
    • Long lifespan (up to 50 years or more)

• Cons:

• • Higher initial cost compared to other materials
  • Can be slippery when wet
  • May expand and contract with temperature changes

Concrete or Stone

Hardscape materials like concrete or natural stone pavers are extremely durable and offer timeless, sophisticated aesthetics, making them a popular choice for many homeowners. These deck materials are particularly suited for those seeking a long-lasting and low-maintenance decking solution. They can withstand extreme weather conditions and heavy foot traffic and resist rot, pests, and fire. 

Stone and concrete are good choices for pool decks because they are resistant to water damage, mold, and mildew. Textured finishes can be applied to concrete to enhance slip resistance, and natural stone provides a luxurious, resort-like feel. They’re also suitable for patios and terraced decks.

Hardscape decks are usually the most expensive choice for decking material. Concrete decks are generally more affordable than natural stone but provide a similar aesthetic. Both materials provide a long lifespan, with concrete lasting 30 to 50 years and stone potentially lasting even longer with proper care.

Pros and Cons

• Pros:

• • • Extremely durable and long-lasting
    • Low maintenance
    • Resistant to rot, pests, and fire
    • Suitable for extreme weather conditions and heavy foot traffic
    • Textured finishes can enhance slip resistance
    • Luxurious appearance, especially with natural stone

• Cons:

• • Highest upfront cost among decking materials
  • Concrete can crack over time if not correctly installed
  • Heavy weight requires a strong foundation
  • Installation can be labor-intensive and costly

Factors to Remember

Choosing the right type of deck involves carefully considering various factors to ensure it meets your needs and complements your home. By evaluating the function, location, structural design, material, and local building codes and meeting with a professional deck builder, you can make an informed decision that enhances the aesthetic and functional aspects of your outdoor space. 

Here are key points to keep in mind when choosing a deck material:

• Material: Consider maintenance requirements and initial costs.
• Structural Design: Choose a material that works well with your deck’s structural design.
• Function: Consider the primary use of the deck when researching different materials.
• Location: Assess exposure to environmental elements and local climate.
• Building Codes: Check local regulations before starting your project.

With these considerations, you can select a deck type that will provide lasting enjoyment and add value to your home.

FAQs

What type of deck lasts the longest?

Ipe decking, also known as Brazilian Walnut, is often recognized as the longest-lasting decking material. With its substantial durability and resistance to decay, Ipe can last up to 75 years with proper maintenance.

What is the best deck type for no maintenance? 

Composite and PVC decks require minimal maintenance compared to natural wood or pressure-treated lumber. Unlike natural wood, they don’t require regular staining, sealing, or painting and resist moisture, insects, and UV rays. These features reduce upkeep significantly and make the material easy to clean when necessary.

What is the cheapest material to build a deck?

The cheapest deck material is typically pressure-treated wood. While it requires regular maintenance to prevent issues such as rot and insect damage, its initial cost is lower, making it a budget-friendly choice for many homeowners.